Federal Student Loans

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Federal loans for students offer you the chance to borrow funds for college that you must repay with interest. Often, these federal loans offer a lower interest rate and more flexible repayment terms than private student loans.

Learn all about what types of federal student loans are available to find the best option for you and don’t forget to discover grants and scholarships to help you earn free money for college.

In 2022-23, 85% of first-time, full-time degree / certificate-seeking undergraduate students were awarded financial aid. Overall, 72.3%of all undergraduates received some type of financial aid.

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TYPES OF FEDERAL STUDENT LOANS

There are two main types of federal student loans:

  • William D. Ford Federal Direct Loans
  • Federal Perkins Loan Program

These loans have unique requirements, interest rates, and maximum awards per year, which are explained below.

WILLIAM D. FORD FEDERAL DIRECT LOANS

This is the largest federal student loan program where the U.S. Department of Education is the lender. These loans include:

  1. Direct Subsidized Loans
  2. Direct Unsubsidized Loans
  3. Direct PLUS Loans
  4. Direct Consolidation Loans

Check out the table below to learn about the differences between these loans.

FEDERAL PERKINS LOAN PROGRAM

As opposed to direct loans, which have the Department of Education as the lender, the Perkins loans are school-based loans, which means that the individual school is the lender.

These loans are offered to undergraduate and graduate students with exceptional financial need. In addition, the amount awarded depends on the amount of funds available at a particular school.

Often, the students with the greatest financial need are awarded Federal Perkins Loans.

TYPES OF FEDERAL STUDENT LOANS

Federal LoanCollege Degree LevelFederal Student Loan Program DetailsInterest Rate (First Disbursed on or After July 1, 2018 and Before July 1, 2019)Maximum Annual Award
Direct Subsidized LoanUndergraduateFor those with financial need5.05%$5,500 (depending on grade level and dependency status)
Direct Unsubsidized LoanUndergraduate, graduate, and professional degree studentsFinancial need is not required5.05% (6.6% for graduate or professional)$20,550 (depending on grade level and dependency status)
Direct PLUS LoanParents of dependent undergraduate students; and for graduate or professional degree studentsFinancial need is not required; borrower must not have adverse credit7.6%Maximum amount is cost of attendance minus any other financial aid you receive
Federal Perkins LoanUndergraduate, graduate, and professional degree studentsEligibility depends on financial need and availability of funds at your school5.0%$5,500 for undergraduate students; $8,000 for graduate and professional students

PERCENTAGE OF GRADUATE STUDENTS WHO RECEIVE FINANCIAL AID

71.6% of all graduate students received some type of financial aid, including 44.2% of graduate students who took out some type of loan.

HOW TO APPLY FOR FEDERAL STUDENT LOANS

In order to apply for federal student loans, you must complete and submit a Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). Based on these results, your college or career school will send you a financial aid letter, which may or may not include an offer of federal student loans.

This offer includes instructions on how to accept all or part of the loan. However, before you receive your loan funds, you will have to complete two steps:

  • Complete entrance counseling to ensure that you understand your obligation to repay the loan
  • Sign a Master Promissory Note (MPN), agreeing to the terms of the loan

As some students may not receive federal student loans as an option after completing the FAFSA, don’t forget about private student loans. While each lender and type of loan have different requirements than federal loans, private loans are available to all students.

BENEFITS OF FEDERAL STUDENT LOANS

Some of the benefits of federal student loans include:

  • Interest rate on federal loans is usually lower than private student loans
  • You don’t need a credit check or cosigner for most federal loans
  • You don’t need to begin repaying your federal loans until you leave college or drop below half-time
  • If you demonstrate financial need, you may qualify to have the government pay your interest while you are in school
  • Many federal student loans offer flexible repayment plans and options to postpone your loan payments if you’re having trouble
  • You may be eligible to have a portion of your federal loans forgiven if you meet certain conditions and work in certain jobs

FAFSA Application Deadline

Normally, online FAFSA applications must be submitted by midnight Central Time on June 30 of a given year. For instance, the 2023-2024 FAFSA deadline is midnight Central Time, June 30, 2025.

FEDERAL STUDENT LOANS – HOW MUCH SHOULD YOU BORROW?

Whether you’re taking out a private student loan or a federal loan, it’s important to consider the legal obligation you have to pay back then loans, so responsible borrowing is key.

Some of the things to consider when borrowing money for college:

  • Understand your total amount of loans and how this will affect your future finances
  • Research starting salaries in your field
  • Understand the terms of your loan
  • Make payments on time

Often there are flexible repayment terms for both federal loans and private student loans. This includes options such as, grace period, interest-only payments while in school, and interest rate reductions for automatic debit.

Looking for private student loans? Check out some of your options here!

Percentage of Students Stressed about paying for college

According to a 2017 study by The Princeton Review, 98% of college applicants and their parents said financial aid would be necessary to pay for college. Plus, 65% said financial aid was extremely necessary.

OTHER TYPES OF FINANCIAL AID

As the price of college tuition continues to rise understanding the types of financial aid and finding the right combination of financial aid to pay for your degree is just as important as finding the perfect program for you.

Luckily, there are plenty of other options of financial aid for you to choose from, including:

All of these options mean that you don’t have to worry if you need to supplement your federal student loan offer. Discover some private student loans to find the perfect one for you.

FIND THE FINANCIAL AID PACKAGE AND FEDERAL STUDENT LOAN THAT’S PERFECT FOR YOU

Finding the right mix of financial aid is one of the key aspects of earning your degree. That’s why it’s important to consider all of your options and be sure to do your research.

A good starting point is talking to your counselor or the financial aid office at your school, both of which should have specific details for you to explore.

In the meantime, check out some of our private scholarships and find the perfect degree for you.

© Education Connection 2024. All Rights Reserved.

*https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d20/tables/dt20_311.15.asp

Sources for school statistics is the U.S. Department of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics.

Disclosure: EducationDynamics receives compensation for the featured schools on our websites (see “Sponsored Schools” or “Sponsored Listings” or “Sponsored Results”).  So what does this mean for you? Compensation may impact where the Sponsored Schools appear on our websites, including whether they appear as a match through our education matching services tool, the order in which they appear in a listing, and/or their ranking.  Our websites do not provide, nor are they intended to provide, a comprehensive list of all schools (a) in the United States (b) located in a specific geographic area or (c) that offer a particular program of study.  By providing information or agreeing to be contacted by a Sponsored School, you are in no way obligated to apply to or enroll with the school.

This is an offer for educational opportunities, not an offer for nor a guarantee of employment. Students should consult with a representative from the school they select to learn more about career opportunities in that field. Program outcomes vary according to each institution’s specific program curriculum. Financial aid may be available to those who qualify. The financial aid information on this site is for informational and research purposes only and is not an assurance of financial aid.

1 You must apply for a new loan each school year. This approval percentage is based on students with a Sallie Mae undergraduate loan in the 2018/19 school year who were approved when they returned in 2019/20. It does not include the denied applications of students who were ultimately approved in 2019/20.

2 This promotional benefit is provided at no cost to borrowers with new loans that disburse between May 1, 2021 and April 30, 2022. Borrowers are not eligible to activate the benefit until July 1, 2021. Borrowers who reside in, attend school in, or borrow for a student attending school in Maine are not eligible for this benefit. Chegg Study® offers expert Q&A where students can submit up to 20 questions per month. No cash value. Terms and Conditions apply. Please visit http://www.chegg.com/legal/smtermsandconditions for complete details. This offer expires one year after issuance.